UPSC Civil Services · 2023 · GS 3

Industrial policy and supply chains

Faster economic growth requires increased share of the manufacturing sector in GDP, particularly of MSMEs. Comment on the present policies of the Government in this regard.

Original exam: 10 marks

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GS 3 · Economy & agriculture

U.S. Tariff Waiver on Speciality Drugs and Implications for India’s Pharmaceutical Export Sector

On September 29, 2026, the United States announced a zero-percent tariff regime for specific categories of speciality drugs imported from 20 nations, including India. This policy adjustment targets life-saving pharmaceutical segments, including gene therapies, cell therapies, antibody-drug conjugates, rare disease medications, and infertility treatments. By removing tariff barriers for these complex medical products, the U.S. aims to diversify its pharmaceutical supply chains and lower costs for advanced healthcare. For India, the 'pharmacy of the world', this decision creates a significant incentive to transition beyond traditional generic manufacturing toward high-value biopharmaceuticals and complex medicinal components.