UPSC Civil Services · 2021 · GS 2

E-governance

Has digital illiteracy, particularly in rural areas, coupled with lack of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) accessibility hindered socio-economic development? Examine with justification.

Original exam: 15 marks

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GS 2 · Governance & social justice

Madhya Pradesh Traders Observe No UPI Day to Demand MDR Charges Rollback

In September 2026, traders and retailers across major Madhya Pradesh cities such as Bhopal and Indore observed a No UPI Day protest, covering their digital payment QR code stickers and audio soundboxes with black cloth to demand a rollback of Merchant Discount Rate charges and related transaction costs. The agitation underscores growing financial friction among micro-merchants who bear the operational overhead of digital transactions amid zero-MDR mandates, prompting a critical re-evaluation of India's digital payments sustainability model.